William H. Rehnquist, 1972-1986, 1986-2005
William Rehnquist was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1924. His father was a paper salesman and his mother was a local civic activist. He attended Stanford University on the GI Bill and graduated with a B.A. and M.A. in political science. He received another M.A. from Harvard in government in 1950 before attending Stanford Law School. He graduated first in his class in 1952, two places ahead of his future colleague, Sandra Day O'Connor. Following law school, Rehnquist clerked for Justice Robert Jackson, practiced privately in Phoenix, and was active in the Republican Party in Arizona, where he campaigned for Barry Goldwater in 1964. He became assistant attorney general for the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel, and screened candidates for Supreme Court nominations in 1964. When Justice John Marshall Harlan retired in 1971, President Richard Nixon nominated a relatively inexperienced Rehnquist to the Court. The Senate confirmed him, 68-26. Fourteen years later, the Senate confirmed him to replace Chief Justice Warren Burger, 65-33.